Ascorbic acid nnukwu ntụ ntụ

Kedu ihe bụ ascorbic acid ntụ ntụ?

Ascorbic acid nnukwu ntụ ntụ, vitamin C, bụ ihe dị ezigbo mkpa na-arụsi ọrụ ike na ndu. Acid ascorbic dị na okike bụ ọkachasị L-ascorbic acid, ebe ọdịnaya nke D-ascorbic acid dị obere. Mgbe ejiri ya na nri, D-ascorbic acid adịghị eji vitamin ma tinye ya na nri dị ka antioxidant. L-ascorbic acid bụ ngwakọta mmiri na-agbaze nke ukwuu nke nwere nnukwu polar, acidic na reducible. A na-ekpebi ihe ndị a site na njikọ nke 2,3-enediol na lactone mgbanaka carbonyl otu na nhazi ya. A na-ahụkarị ascorbic acid na mkpụrụ osisi na akwụkwọ nri dị ka L-ascorbic acid, yana n'ụdị dị nta na anụ ahụ anụmanụ na ngwaahịa a na-edozi anụmanụ.

Ascorbic acid nwere mmetụta mbelata siri ike, yabụ na ọ bụ antioxidant a na-ejikarị na nri. A na-ejikarị ya eme ihe dị ka ihe mgbakwunye nri. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, a na-eji ihe ndị na-ebelata ascorbic acid eme ihe dị ka onye na-emezi nri na achịcha iji belata o-quinone ogige, si otú ahụ na-egbochi nhazi enzymatic nke ọma. Agba aja aja. N'ihi na ascorbic acid nwere ọrụ antioxidant siri ike, a na-ejikarị ya echebe ihe ndị na-adị mfe oxidized, dị ka folic acid. Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, ascorbic acid nwekwara ike ịchụpụ oxygen singlet, belata ikuku oxygen- na carbon-centered free radicals, ma mee ka ndị ọzọ antioxidants (dị ka tocopherol free radicals).

Ascorbic acid na-enwe mmetụta nke okpomọkụ, acid, alkali na oxygen ma na-agbaze ngwa ngwa na mmiri. Ọ nwere ike ịpụpụ n'elu nri ma ọ bụ mebie ngwa ngwa site na mgbasa ma ọ bụ usoro ntinye, na-akpata mfu n'oge nhazi okpomọkụ. Ịbawanye ebe dị n'elu, ọnụ ọgụgụ mmiri na-asọba na mmiri ọkụ nwere ike ime ka mfu nke ascorbic acid dị na nri. Otú ọ dị, n'ihe oriri ndị a na-edozi, ihe kacha njọ nke ascorbic acid bụ mmebi kemịkal. Mkpụrụ osisi bara ụba na ascorbic acid, dịka ọmụmaatụ, na-enwekarị ụkọ vitamin na mgbanwe agba n'ihi browning na-abụghị enzymatic.

Njirimara anụ ahụ na nke kemịkal

Ascorbic acid na okike nwere nhazi abụọ, ya bụ nhazi L na nhazi D, nke ikpeazụ enweghị ọrụ ndụ. Enwere isomers abụọ nke L-configuration ascorbic acid, ya bụ ụdị dehydrogenated na ụdị mbelata, nke abụọ nwere ọrụ ndu.

vitamin C bụ ngwakọta polyhydroxy acid nke nwere carbon carbon 6 ma nwee uto utoojoo dị iche; ngwaahịa dị ọcha bụ kristal na-acha ọcha, na-adị mfe soluble na mmiri, ntakịrị soluble na ethanol, na-adịghị ike na-abụghị polar organic solvents; vitamin C kwụsiri ike na gburugburu acidic, anaghị akwụsi ike na ikuku ikuku, okpomọkụ, ọkụ na gburugburu alkaline. Mgbe a na-edozi akwụkwọ nri ma sie ya n'okpuru ọnọdụ alkaline, o doro anya na a na-ebibi vitamin C. Ọnọdụ acidic, refrigeration, na ikewapụ oxygen nwere ike igbu oge mfu nke vitamin C na nri. Oxidase na-adịkarị na akwụkwọ nri, ọkachasị cucumbers na cabbages, mana obere citrus. Ya mere, vitamin C na-efunahụ ogo dị iche iche n'oge usoro nchekwa nke akwụkwọ nri; ma na osisi, karịsịa jujubes na prickly pears, ndị ọzọ mkpụrụ osisi nwere bioflavonoids, nke nwere ike ichebe nkwụsi ike nke vitamin C na nri.

Ọrụ anụ ahụ

Ascorbic acid nnukwu ntụ ntụ nwere mmetụta physiological kachasị ukwuu na ahụ mmadụ, nke nwere njikọ chiri anya na nhazi ya na njirimara ya. N'ihi njirimara a, ọ nwere ihe dị iche iche metụtara physiological pụtara na ụkpụrụ ahụike.

(1) Mbelata mmetụta

N'ime ahụ mmadụ, vitamin C nwere isomers abụọ - ụdị oxidized na ụdị mbelata. A na-ekewa ha abụọ site na oxidation na mbelata, ma nwee ike ije ozi dị ka ma onye na-enye hydrogen na onye na-anabata hydrogen. N'oge oxidation-mbelata mmeghachi omume na ahụ na-ekere òkè dị mkpa na.

1. Kwalite nnabata ígwè. Vitamin C nwere ike ibelata ígwè ferric siri ike na-amịkọrọ (Fe3+) n'ime ígwè divalent nke na-adị mfe ịnweta (Fe2+), na-akwalite mmịpụta ígwè; vitamin C bụ ọgwụ enyemaka dị mkpa na ọgwụgwọ anaemia erughi ígwè.

2. Kwalite nhazi nke tetrahydrofolate. Vitamin C nwere ike ibelata folic acid na-adịghị arụ ọrụ na tetrahydrofolate na-arụ ọrụ physiologically, na-enye ya ohere ime mmetụta physiological, ya mere ọ nwere ike igbochi ma na-agwọ ọrịa anaemia megaloblastic.

3. Kwalite mmepụta mgbochi. Ụmụ irighiri ihe mgbochi nwere ọnụ ọgụgụ dị ukwuu nke njikọ disulfide (-SS-). Njikọ disulfide ndị a bụ cysteine ​​2 mejupụtara, yabụ achọrọ cysteine ​​maka ọgwụ mgbochi sịntetịt. Ọnụnọ nke vitamin C dị elu nwere ike ịkwalite mbelata cystine na nri na cysteine ​​​​ma kwalite nguzobe nke mgbochi.

4. Nọgide na-arụ ọrụ nke thiol enzymes. Alcohol dị iche iche nwere thiol n'ime ahụ chọrọ -SH ka ọ rụọ ọrụ mkpali. Ascorbic acid nnukwu ntụ ntụ nwere ike idowe -SH na molekul enzyme na mbelata ala, si otú a na-ejigide ọrụ nke enzyme.

(2) Soro na mmeghachi omume hydroxylation

Vitamin C na-ekere òkè na mmeghachi omume hydroxylation dị mkpa na ahụ, nke bụ isi usoro na metabolism nke ọtụtụ ihe dị mkpa na ahụ, dị ka njikọ nke collagen na neurotransmitters, na mgbanwe nke organic ọgwụ ọjọọ ma ọ bụ nsị. Ya mere, vitamin C nwere ọrụ ndị a:

1. Soro na njikọ collagen

Collagen bụ akụkụ dị mkpa nke njikọ anụ ahụ, na vitamin C na-etinye aka na njikọ nke collagen.

2. Kwalite ngbanwe nke cholesterol n'ime acid bile

Vitamin C na-akwalite usoro hydroxylation nke cholesterol n'ime bile acid. Mgbe enweghị vitamin C, ngbanwe nke cholesterol n'ime bile acid na-ebelata, na-eme ka cholesterol na-agbakọta n'ime imeju na mkpokọta cholesterol ọbara na-abawanye. Ya mere, ndị ọrịa nwere cholesterol dị elu kwesịrị ịgbakwunye vitamin C zuru oke.

3. Kwalite njikọ nke neurotransmitter

Mgbe vitamin C enweghị, njikọ nke ụfọdụ neurotransmitters ga-emetụta.

4. kwalite detoxification nke ọgwụ ma ọ bụ nsi

Ascorbic acid ntụ ntụ dị ọcha nwere ike ịbawanye ọrụ nke oxidase na-arụ ọrụ agwakọta, mee ka mmeghachi omume dị mkpa na mgbanwe ndu - usoro hydroxylation nke ọgwụ ma ọ bụ nsị na reticulum endoplasmic, ma kwalite usoro detoxification nke ọgwụ ma ọ bụ nsị.

(3) Ndị ọzọ

1. Detoxification

Ọnụ ọgụgụ dị ukwuu nke vitamin C nwere ike ibelata nsị nke ụfọdụ ion metal dị arọ dị ka Pb, Hg, Cd, As, wdg na ahụ, ya mere a na-ewere ya na ọ nwere mmetụta detoxification ụfọdụ. tumadi site n'akụkụ abụọ: n'otu aka ahụ, oxidized glutathione (GSSG) n'ime ahụ na-ebelata ka ọ na-ebelata glutathione, wee jikọta ya na ion metal dị arọ iji mepụta mgbagwoju anya ma wepụ ya n'ahụ; N'aka nke ọzọ, vitamin C nwere ike ijikọta ya na ion metal iji mepụta mgbagwoju anya. Ewepụtara ya na mmamịrị.

2. Gbochie ọrịa kansa

Nnyocha na-egosi na vitamin C nwere ike igbochi njikọ nke carcinogen N-nitroso ogige ma gbochie ọrịa cancer.

3.Scavenge free radicals

Dị ka a mmiri-soluble antioxidant, ọ na-arụ ọrụ synergistically na abụba-soluble antioxidants na-abọ ọbọ free radicals na-egbochi lipid peroxidation; N'otu oge ahụ, ọ nwere ike igbochi na igbu oge oxidation nke vitamin A, vitamin E na unsaturated fatty acids.

Vitamin C nwere ike belata tocopherol free radicals iji mepụta tocopherol; ọ nwere ike ibelata ọkwa cholesterol ọbara, gbochie mmepe nke atherosclerosis, ma nọgide na-arụ ọrụ na ahụike nke sistem obi obi.

Uzuzu ascorbic acid dị ọcha nwere usoro abụọ maka ịchacha akpụkpọ ahụ:

1. Belata melanin oxygen gbara ọchịchịrị a na-emepụta n'oge mmepụta melanin wee belata melanin.

A na-ekpebi agba nke melanin site na nhazi quinone dị na molekul melanin. Vitamin C nwere ihe onwunwe nke onye na-ebelata ihe na-ebelata ma nwee ike ibelata nhazi quinone n'ime usoro phenolic.

2. Soro na metabolism nke tyrosine n'ime ahụ, si otú ahụ belata ntụgharị nke tyrosine n'ime melanin.

Ngwa nke ascorbic acid na ngwaahịa nlekọta anụ ahụ

Ascorbic acid na-arụkarị ọrụ dị mkpa na ngwaahịa nlekọta anụ ahụ.

Isi ihe na-eme ka mmiri dị ọcha

A na-emepụtakarị ha na ascorbic acid kwụsiri ike iji hụ na ịdị irè na nkwụsi ike nke ihe ndị ahụ dị ogologo oge.

N'otu oge ahụ, ascorbic acid nwere ike ịbanye n'ime akpụkpọ ahụ, na-enye mmetụta antioxidant dị ike, ịcha ọcha na collagen.

Antioxidant ude na lotions

Kwesịrị ekwesị maka nlekọta ihu zuru oke, ngwaahịa ndị a na-enye uru antioxidant na hydration na-adịte aka.

Ha na-enwekarị udidi dị fechaa, na-amịkọrọ ya ngwa ngwa, dịkwa mma maka ojiji na ụdị akpụkpọ ahụ niile.

Nkpuchi ihu

Ihe mkpuchi ndị a bara ụba na ascorbic acid, nke na-edozi ahụ nke ukwuu ma na-edozi akpụkpọ ahụ, na-eme ka ọdịdị ahụ dịkwuo mma, na-ebelata ọdịdị nke ahịrị dị mma na ngbanwe.

Iji ihe nkpuchi na-enye ohere ka ascorbic acid banye nke ọma n'ime akpụkpọ ahụ maka nsonaazụ kacha mma.

anya ude

Akpụkpọ ahụ dị n'akụkụ anya dị gịrịgịrị ma na-emebi ngwa ngwa, yabụ ude anya ascorbic acid nwere ike inye nlekọta pụrụ iche iji belata ọdịdị nke ahịrị dị mma, okirikiri gbara ọchịchịrị na akpa n'okpuru anya.

Ha na-enwekarị usoro dị nro nke na-agaghị akpasu akpụkpọ ahụ dị nro n'akụkụ anya.

Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, a pụkwara iji ascorbic acid na-ejikọta ya na ihe ndị ọzọ na usoro ndị ọzọ, dị ka hyaluronic acid, vitamin E, mkpụrụ osisi, wdg, na-eme ka mmetụta synergistic na-eme ka akpụkpọ ahụ dịkwuo mma na mmetụta nlekọta.

Ascorbic acid ntụ ntụ soplaya

YTBIO na-agba mbọ inye ndị ahịa ihe kacha mma Ascorbic acid ntụ ntụ dị ọcha na ọrụ ka onye ọ bụla na-azụ ahịa nwee ike ịnụ ụtọ nri eke, ahụike yana oke mma. Ọ bụrụ na ị nwere ajụjụ ọ bụla ma ọ bụ mkpa gbasara ngwaahịa anyị, biko nweere onwe gị ịkpọtụrụ anyị, anyị ga-azaghachi gị ozugbo enwere ike.

Ngwugwu & Mbupu

Ụlọ ọrụ anyị na ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe