Uru nke Saffron Extract: Ngwọta Eke maka Mbelata Ibu na Ọnọdụ Ka Mma

1.Banyere Saffron wepụ

A na-ewepụta ngwaahịa a site na akụkụ elu nke ụdị na ihere nke Crocus sativus L., osisi iris. Ihe ndị bụ isi na-agụnye picrocrocin, ogige carotene, safflower aldehyde, eucalyptol, pinene na ihe ndị ọzọ, ma nweekwa obere ego nke Isorhamnetin, kaempferol, vitamin B1 na vitamin B2, wdg. Saffron wepụ bụ ike scavenger nke hydroxyl free radicals na superoxide. free radicals. Ọ nwere ike iguzogide mmeghachi omume oxidation, melite ọrụ mitochondrial, na-egbochi apoptosis cell akwara optic, melite microcirculation, melite ihe nchebe, iguzogide arteriosclerosis, na iguzogide oxidation. Ọ nwere ọrụ nke iwetulata lipids ọbara, na-akwalite choleretics na nchebe imeju, igbochi na ịgwọ ọrịa osteoporosis, na ichekwa akụrụ.

Isi mmalite osisi

 

2. Osisi si malite

Isi mmalite] Ọ bụ akụkụ elu nke ụdị na ihere nke ahịhịa iris Crocus sativus L.

【Utu aha】 Crocus, saffron.

[Nkesa] E nwere obere ihe ọkụkụ nnwale na Beijing, Shanghai, Shandong, Zhejiang, Sichuan, Xinjiang, wdg. na China, a na-akọkwa ya na mba ofesi na Spain, Iran, Italy, Germany, France, Gris, Austria, bụbu Soviet Union na Japan.

【Ụdị Osisi】Ahịa ndị na-adịru ogologo oge. Bulbs ndị dị n'okpuru ala bụ okirikiri ma kpuchie ha na akwụkwọ akpụkpọ anụ aja aja. E nwere akwụkwọ 9 ruo 15, nke a na-akụ site na bọlbụ ahụ, sessile, dị warara ma kwụ ọtọ, ogologo 15 ruo 20 cm na obosara 2 ruo 3 cm. Akụkụ akwụkwọ ahụ na-agbanwe agbanwe ma nwee ntutu dị mma, ntọala ya na-agbakwa gburugburu site na nha 4 ruo 5 sara mbara. . Ọdụ okooko osisi, dayameta 2.5-3 cm; perianth nke nwere iberibe 6, obovate, lavender, tube okooko osisi nke nwere ogologo 4-6 cm, dị gịrịgịrị dị ka tube, stamens 3, nnukwu anthers, ntọala dị ka akụ, pistils 3, connate carpels, ovary dị ala, ụdị ahụ dị gịrịgịrị, odo, elu ya nwere lobes miri emi atọ, na-apụta na tube okooko osisi, na-ada ada, ọbara ọbara gbara ọchịchịrị, elu ya buru ibu ntakịrị, yana oghere dị ka funnel. Mkpụrụ osisi ahụ dị ogologo, nwere nsọtụ atọ na-adịghị nkọ, ihe dị ka sentimita atọ n'ogologo na sentimita 1.5 n'obosara. Ọ na-erute ala mgbe mkpụrụ osisi ahụ tolitere. Mkpụrụ ndị ahụ dị ọtụtụ, gbaa gburugburu, mkpụrụ ahụ dịkwa ka udidi. Oge okooko osisi na-amalite site na mmalite ruo etiti ọnwa Nọvemba

3.Ihe mejupụtara chemical

1). Mmanụ na-anaghị agbanwe agbanwe Ihe mejupụtara mmanụ na-agbanwe agbanwe dị na pistil (mkparị) nke saffron corolla bụ mmebi nke carotenes dị ka zeaxanthin ma nwee nhazi pụrụ iche. Ọ bụ safranal karịsịa na ihe ndị sitere na trimethylcycloethylene, na-aza 50% nke mmanụ na-agbanwe agbanwe niile. 72%, ọ bụ ngwaahịa na-emebi emebi nke crocin, ọ bụkwa otu n'ime ihe ngosi njikwa mma nke ọgwụ ọdịnala China bụ Zangsafflower. Ụfọdụ ndị ọkà mmụta achọpụtala ngwakọta 46 sitere na mmanụ na-agbanwe agbanwe saffron, na-aza 90.99% nke mmanụ na-agbanwe agbanwe niile. N'ime ha, ihe mejupụtara ketone ise mejupụtara 6.16%, ihe mejupụtara aldehyde ise mejupụtara 2.39%, ihe mejupụtara mmanya isii mejupụtara 4.98%, ihe mejupụtara acid isii mejupụtara 19.77%, ihe mejupụtara olefin asatọ mejupụtara 36.42%, ihe mejupụtara olefin oxides abụọ mejupụtara 5.74%, ihe mejupụtara alkane asatọ mejupụtara 12.5%, ihe mejupụtara ester abụọ mejupụtara 0.48%, na ihe mejupụtara anọ ndị ọzọ mejupụtara 2.55%. N'ime ihe mejupụtara mmanụ na-agbanwe agbanwe nke saffron, ndị nwere nnukwu ọdịnaya bụ olefins na olefin oxides, nke bụ ihe mejupụtara terpenoid. Na mgbakwunye, ndị nwere nnukwu ọdịnaya bụ ihe mejupụtara acid.

2). Flavonoids A na-ekesakarị flavonoids n'ime perianth nke saffron. Ndị a na-ahụkarị gụnyere vetch glycoside, quercetin-3-p-coumaroylglucoside, kaempferol-3-glucose-6-acetylglucoside na Kaempferol-3-glucose-glucoside, delphinidin, trimethyldelphinidin, wdg.

3). Ihe ndị na-ebute mmanụ na-agbanwe agbanwe. Akụkụ nke ihe ndị na-ebute mmanụ na-agbanwe agbanwe nke a na-emepụta site na ụzọ dị iche iche nke mmebi n'oge nkụ na nchekwa nke ihe ndị na-akpata saffron bụ ngwakọta glycoside nke ihe ndị sitere na trimethylcyclohexene, ọkachasị gụnyere crocin na ihe ndị ọzọ. Crocein bụ isi ihe dị ilu na saffron. Enwere ike ịgbanwe ya ka ọ bụrụ safranal n'okpuru ọnọdụ acidic ma ọ bụ alkaline ma ọ bụ n'okpuru ọrụ nke enzymes. Nke a bụkwa ihe mere ọdịnaya safranal dị na ụdị dị iche iche ji dị iche.

4). Polyene ndị a na-ejikọta ọnụ na glycosides ha. Polyene ndị a na-ejikọta ọnụ na glycosides ha bụ isi ihe ndị dị na ọgwụ ọdịnala ndị China nke saffron. Ọ gụnyere ụdị abụọ ndị a: (1) Carotenoids na glycosides ha. Crocetin bụ isi ihe dị na carotenoids na glycosides ha. Gụnyere carotenoid crocetin na glycosides ya, dịka gentiobioside, glucoside, digentisic acid glycoside, gentioglucoside na diglucoside; B-crocetin, C-crocetin, wdg. (2) Carotenes gụnyere A na B-carotene, dịka lycopene na zeaxanthin.

5). Ndị ọzọ na-agụnyekarị phenols, chitinase, triterpene saponins na steroidal saponins.

4.Pharmacological omume

1). Mmetụta dị n'ime akpanwa. Ihe e si na Saffron wepụta nwere mmetụta na-akpali akpali n'ime akpanwa nke dịpụrụ adịpụ na akpanwa nke òké, ezi, oke bekee, nkịta na pusi. Akpa ime dị ime na-enwe mmetụta karịa; usoro ike nke ọtụtụ ihe e si na safranin wepụta bụ: decoction > ethanol extract > ihe ndị na-agbanwe agbanwe > ether extract. Enwere ike igbochi mmetụta nke mkpali akpa nwa site na ergotamine ethanesulfonate, nke na-adịghị emetụta atropine. Ya mere, a kwenyere na akụkụ nke mmetụta dị n'ime akpanwa bụ mmetụta kpọmkwem na myocytes akpa nwa, akụkụ ahụ na-ejikọtakwa na ndị na-anabata adrenergic.

2). Mmetụta na sistemụ ọbara. Ihe e si na Saffron wepụta nwere ike ibelata ọbara mgbali elu nke nkịta na nwamba a na-akụnwụ ahụ ruo ogologo oge ma nwee mmetụta na-akpali akpali na iku ume. Mgbe ọ na-ebelata ọbara mgbali elu, olu akụrụ na-ebelata, na-egosi vasoconstriction akụrụ, ma nweekwa mmetụta na-egbochi arịa ọbara. Ọ nwere mmetụta dị ukwuu na-egbochi obi a na-ekewapụ. Dịka nyocha kemịkalụ si kwuo, ihe ndị na-egbochi obi metụtara nnu potassium. Ya mere, nyocha ọgwụ na saffron n'ọdịnihu kwesịrị ibu ụzọ wepụ nnu potassium.

3). Mmetụta mgbochi ọrịa kansa. Nkwadebe Saffron nwere ikike mgbochi ọrịa kansa doro anya, ọkachasị ihe e si na saffron wepụta (dimethylcrocetin) na leukemia, kansa ovarian, kansa eriri afọ, rhabdomyosarcoma, kansa eriri afọ, papillosarcoma, na etuto ahụ dị larịị na sarcoma anụ ahụ dị nro, wdg. Ha niile nwere mmetụta siri ike na-egbochi ọrịa kansa. Usoro mgbochi ọrịa kansa ya nwere ike ịbụ ibibi sistemụ DNA synthase, ya bụ, ibibi ndị na-ahụ maka kọntaktị DNA-protein dị ka topoisomerase II nke dị mkpa maka njikọ DNA sel, si otú a na-egbochi njikọ DNA na RNA, si otú a na-egbochi uto nke mkpụrụ ndụ tumor. mmetụta. Na mgbakwunye, crocins na-egbochikwa ọrụ nke kinases protein cell cell na ngosipụta nke proto-oncogenes.

4). Mmetụta ya na imeju na gallbladder. Ihe e si na Saffron wepụta nwere mmetụta choleretic, ihe ndị dị na ya bụ α-crocetin sodium salt na crocetin ester. α-Saffron acid nwere ike ibelata cholesterol ma mee ka abụba na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma. Enwere ike iji ya na ọgwụ ọdịnala ndị China dịka hawthorn, cassia, na Alisma gwọọ imeju abụba.

5). Mmetụta antioxidant. Ihe e si na Saffron wepụta, ọkachasị crocin, nwere ike igbochi ọrụ nke radicals na-enweghị oxygen na xanthine oxidase nke ọma, na-egosi ọrụ bayoloji antioxidant.

6). Chebe akụrụ. Site n'ịmụ ihe nlereanya nephritis oke C-BSA, achọpụtara na mmebi proteinuria na mmebi akụrụ belatara n'ime òké dị na otu nnwale ahụ. N'ime ha, saffron na-egbochi cyclooxygenase ma na-ebelata mmepụta nke prostaglandins, si otú a na-emeghe capillaries akụrụ, na-eme ka ọbara na-erugharị, ma na-akwalite mmezi nke mmebi mbufụt. A na-atụ aro na saffron nwere ike igbochi mmepe nke mbufụt akụrụ site na imeziwanye ntọhapụ nke platelets na ihe ndị na-eme ka mbufụt pụta.

7). Ntinye aka na arrhythmia Crocemic acid, ihe na-arụ ọrụ na saffron extract, nwere mmetụta dị mma na ụdị arrhythmia ventricular nke aconitine, ouabain na calcium chloride kpaliri, na-enye nnwale maka iji saffron na ọgwụgwọ nke arrhythmia. Nke a na-enye ntọala maka mmepe na nyocha ọzọ na saffron dị ka nkwadebe ọgwụ ọdịnala China megide arrhythmia na myocardial ischemia, na-atụ aro na a pụrụ ịkpọ saffron ụdị ọgwụgwọ ahụike ọdịnala China maka igbochi ọrịa obi na akwara.

8). Na-achịkwa ọrụ ahụ ji alụso ọrịa ọgụ. Ihe e si na Saffron wepụta nwere mmetụta doro anya nke ịkwalite mgbasa ọbara na iwepụ nsogbu ọbara, nje bacteria na mgbochi mbufụt, wee mee ka ahụ sie ike ma mee ka mkpụrụ ndụ ji alụso ọrịa ọgụ dịkwuo elu, si otú a na-eme ka ahụ ghara ịlụ ọgụ, na-achịkwa mmegharị ahụ nke qi na ọbara, ma na-edozi ahụ mmadụ. Ọrụ nke yin na yang.

9) Gbochie ma gwọọ atherosclerosis. Ihe e si na Saffron wepụta nwere ezigbo ọrụ n'ịchịkwa lipids dị n'ọbara, na-ebelata ọbara mgbali elu ma si otú a gbochie ma na-agwọ atherosclerosis.

10). Nchedo Retinal: E jiri oke bekee ọcha nke New Zealand mepụta ụdị anụmanụ nke nrụgide dị elu n'ime anya. A gbara ụfọdụ ọgwụ saffron site na akwara ntị otu ugboro n'ụbọchị, e guzobekwara otu njikwa nrụgide dị elu. Nsonaazụ ya gosiri na ọnụọgụ nke mkpụrụ ndụ ganglion retinal dị na otu ọgwụgwọ ahụ dị ukwuu karịa nke dị na otu njikwa nrụgide dị elu (P<0.05), na-egosi na ihe e si na saffron wepụta mere ka ọbara gbasaa nke retina ma gbochie mmetụta nke ischemia na hypoxia na mkpụrụ ndụ ganglion retinal n'okpuru mmebi nrụgide dị elu n'ime anya (RGC) ma chebe RGC. A na-atụ aro na ihe e si na saffron wepụta nwere ike ichebe RGC site na ibelata radicals free na retina ma gbochie mmebi radical free na nhazi membrane, subcellular organelles na nuclei nke RGCs. 11. Mmetụta ndị ọzọ Ihe e si na Saffron ethanol wepụta (CSE) nwere ike igbochi mgbochi ethanol nke potentiation ogologo oge (LPT) na hippocampus kpatara. N'ime gyrus nke òké ndị a na-eme ka ahụ ghara ịgwụ, CSE (250 mg·kg-1) nwekwara ike igbochi mgbochi LPT nke acetaldehyde kpatara n'enweghị mmetụta nke ọrụ mmụta nke òké. Mmiri saffron nwere ike igbochi nsí ọmụmụ nke ọgwụ mgbochi kansa dịka cisplatin, cyclophosphamide, mitomycin C na urethan na-emepụta nke ukwuu, ebe ọ na-egbochi. Nha mmetụta ahụ ejikọtaghị nke ọma na dose. Nke a bụ isi n'ihi na ihe e si na saffron wepụta na-ebelata mmetụta nke nsí ọmụmụ na imeju glutathione S-transferase (GST). Ọdịdị, ụtọ na irè: ụtọ, na-anọpụ iche na-adịghị egbu egbu. Ọ na-abanye n'ime obi na imeju meridians. Ọ na-akwalite mgbasa ọbara ma na-ewepụ stasis ọbara, na-agbasa ịda mbà n'obi na oghere oghere. Enwere ike iji ya gwọọ ịda mbà n'obi, nrụgide obi na diaphragm, ịgbọ agbọ ọbara, ahụ ọkụ typhoid, egwu na trance, amenorrhea n'ime ụmụ nwanyị, stasis ọbara mgbe a mụsịrị nwa na mgbu afọ, na ọzịza na ihe mgbu sitere na ọdịda.

              

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