Uru nke Saffron Extract: Ngwọta Eke maka Mbelata Ibu na Ọnọdụ Ka Mma

1.Banyere Saffron wepụ

A na-ewepụta ngwaahịa a site na akụkụ elu nke ụdị na ihere nke Crocus sativus L., osisi iris. Ihe ndị bụ isi na-agụnye picrocrocin, ogige carotene, safflower aldehyde, eucalyptol, pinene na ihe ndị ọzọ, ma nweekwa obere ego nke Isorhamnetin, kaempferol, vitamin B1 na vitamin B2, wdg. Saffron wepụ bụ ike scavenger nke hydroxyl free radicals na superoxide. free radicals. Ọ nwere ike iguzogide mmeghachi omume oxidation, melite ọrụ mitochondrial, na-egbochi apoptosis cell akwara optic, melite microcirculation, melite ihe nchebe, iguzogide arteriosclerosis, na iguzogide oxidation. Ọ nwere ọrụ nke iwetulata lipids ọbara, na-akwalite choleretics na nchebe imeju, igbochi na ịgwọ ọrịa osteoporosis, na ichekwa akụrụ.

Isi mmalite osisi

2. Osisi si malite

Isi mmalite] Ọ bụ akụkụ elu nke ụdị na ihere nke ahịhịa iris Crocus sativus L.

【Utu aha】 Crocus, saffron.

[Nkesa] Enwere obere ihe ọkụkụ nnwale na Beijing, Shanghai, Shandong, Zhejiang, Sichuan, Xinjiang, wdg na China, a na-akọkwa ya na mba ọzọ na Spain, Iran, Italy, Germany, France, Greece, Austria, mbụ Soviet Union na Japan.

Ụdị ihe ọkụkụ】 ahịhịa ahịhịa. Mkpụrụ osisi ndị dị n'okpuru ala bụ okirikiri ma kpuchie ya na akwụkwọ ọnụ ọgụgụ na-acha aja aja. Enwere akwụkwọ 9 ruo 15, nke sitere na bọlbụ, sessile, warara na linear, 15 ruo 20 cm ogologo na 2 ruo 3 cm n'obosara. Akụkụ akwụkwọ ndị ahụ na-atụgharị na ntutu mara mma, na ihe akpịrịkpa 4 ruo 5 gbara ya gburugburu. . Okooko osisi, 2.5-3 cm n'obosara; perianth 6-ibe, obovate, lavender, tube ifuru 4-6 cm ogologo, tube dị warara, stamens 3, nnukwu anthers, ntọala yiri akụ, 3 pistils, connate carpels, ovary dị ala, ụdị ahụ dị gịrịgịrị, odo odo , N'elu nwere lobes miri emi atọ, na-esi na tube nke ifuru, na-adaba, na-acha uhie uhie na-acha uhie uhie, elu nke ihere na-abawanye ntakịrị, na-emeghe oghere n'ụdị olulu. A na-agbatị capsule ahụ, nwere akụkụ atọ na-adịghị mma, ihe dịka 3 cm n'ogologo na 1.5 cm n'obosara. Ọ na-eru ala mgbe mkpụrụ osisi tozuru okè. Mkpụrụ ndị ahụ dị ọtụtụ, okirikiri, na uwe mkpuru mkpụrụ ka a na-edezi. Oge okooko site na mmalite ruo etiti November

3.Ihe mejupụtara chemical

1). Mmanụ na-agbanwe agbanwe A na-emepụta mmanụ na-agbanwe agbanwe na pistil (scarma) nke saffron corolla site na mmebi nke carotenes dị ka zeaxanthin ma nwee nhazi pụrụ iche. Ọ na-abụkarị safranal na trimethylcycloethylene usoro, na-aza 50% nke mkpokọta mmanụ na-agbanwe agbanwe. 72%, ọ bụ ngwaahịa na-emebi emebi nke crocin, ma bụrụkwa otu n'ime akara njikwa mma nke ọgwụ ọdịnala China Zangsafflower. Ụfọdụ ndị ọkà mmụta achọpụtala ogige 46 sitere na mmanụ saffron na-agbanwe agbanwe, na-aza 90.99% nke mmanụ na-agbanwe agbanwe. N'ime ha, ogige ketone 5 ruru 6.16%, ogige 5 aldehyde bụ 2.39%, mmanya mmanya 6 bụ 4.98%, ogige 6 acid bụ 19.77%, ogige olefin 8 bụ 36.42%, na olefin oxides 2. 5.74%, ogige alkane 8 ruru 12.5%, ogige 2 ester ruru 0.48%, yana ogige 4 ndị ọzọ ruru 2.55%. N'ime akụkụ mmanụ saffron na-agbanwe agbanwe, ndị nwere ọdịnaya dị oke elu bụ olefins na olefin oxides, nke bụ ogige terpenoid. Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, ndị nwere nnukwu ọdịnaya bụ ogige acid.

2). A na-ekesa flavonoids flavonoids na perianth nke saffron. Ndị a na-ahụkarị gụnyere vetch glycoside, quercetin-3-p-coumaroylglucoside, kaempferol-3-glucose-6-acetylglucoside na Kaempferol-3-glucose-glucoside, delphinidin, trimethyldelphinidin, wdg.

3). Ihe mmalite mmanụ na-agbanwe agbanwe. Akụkụ nke precursors mmanụ na-agbanwe agbanwe nke a na-emepụta site na ụzọ mmebi dị iche iche n'oge ihicha na nchekwa nke saffron stigmas bụ ogige glycoside nke trimethylcyclohexene, ọkachasị gụnyere crocin na ndị ọzọ. Crocein bụ isi ihe dị ilu na saffron. Enwere ike ịtụgharị ya na safranal n'okpuru ọnọdụ acidic ma ọ bụ alkaline ma ọ bụ n'okpuru ọrụ nke enzymes. Nke a bụkwa ihe kpatara ọdịnaya safranal dị n'ụdị dị iche iche dị iche iche.

4). Polyenes conjugated na glycosides ha conjugated polyenes na glycosides ha bụ isi ihe na-acha agba na saffron ọgwụ ndị China. Ọ na-agụnyekarị ụdị abụọ ndị a: (1) Carotenoids na glycosides ha Crocetin bụ isi ihe na-emepụta carotenoids na glycosides ha. Gụnyere carotenoid crocetin na glycosides ya, dị ka gentiobioside, glucoside, digentisic acid glycoside, gentioglucoside na diglucoside; B-crocetin, C-crocetin, wdg (2) Carotenes na-agụnyekarị A na B-carotene, dị ka lycopene na zeaxanthin.

5). Ndị ọzọ na-agụnyekarị phenols, chitinase, triterpene saponins na steroidal saponins.

4.Pharmacological omume

1). Mmetụta dị na akpanwa Saffron wepụ nwere mmetụta na-akpali akpali na ma akpanwa dịpụrụ adịpụ na in vivo akpanwa nke ụmụ oke, pigs Guinea, rabbits, nkịta na nwamba. akpanwa dị ime na-enwe mmetụta karịa; usoro nke ike nke dị iche iche safranin wepụ bụ: decoction> ethanol wepụ> ihe na-agbanwe agbanwe> wepụ ether. Enwere ike igbochi mmetụta nke mkpali nke akpanwa site na ergotamine ethanesulfonate, nke na-enweghị mmetụta na atropine. Ya mere, a kwenyere na akụkụ nke mmetụta na akpanwa bụ mmetụta kpọmkwem na myocytes uterine, na akụkụ metụtara adrenergic receptors.

2). Mmetụta dị na sistem ọbara ọbara Saffron wepụ nwere ike belata ọbara mgbali nke nkịta na nwamba na-egbu egbu ruo ogologo oge ma nwee mmetụta na-akpali akpali na iku ume. Mgbe ị na-ebelata ọbara mgbali, olu gbasara akụrụ na-ebelata, na-egosi vasoconstriction renal, ma na-enwekwa mmetụta mgbochi na arịa ọbara toad. Ọ nwere mmetụta mgbochi dị ukwuu na obi toad dịpụrụ adịpụ. Dị ka nyocha nke kemịkal si kwuo, ihe ndị na-egbochi obi na-ejikọta ya na nnu potassium. Ya mere, nchọpụta ọgwụ na-eme n'ọdịnihu na saffron kwesịrị ibu ụzọ wepụ potassium salts.

3). Mmetụta mgbochi tumo Saffron nkwadebe nwere doro anya mgbochi tumor na mgbochi cancer ikike, karịsịa saffron wepụ (dimethylcrocetin) on leukemia, ovarian cancer, colon cancer, rhabdomyosarcoma, colon cancer, papillosarcoma, na flat cell tumor na soft tissue sarcoma, wdg. niile nwere mmetụta mgbochi siri ike. Usoro mgbochi ọrịa cancer ya nwere ike ịbụ ibibi usoro DNA synthase, ya bụ, ibibi ndị mgbasa ozi DNA-protein kọntaktị dị ka topoisomerase II nke dị mkpa maka njikọ DNA cell, si otú ahụ na-egbochi njikọ nke DNA na RNA, si otú ahụ na-egbochi uto. nke mkpụrụ ndụ tumo. mmetụta. Na mgbakwunye, crocins na-egbochikwa ọrụ nke protein kinase cellular na ngosipụta nke proto-oncogenes.

4). Mmetụta na imeju na gallbladder Saffron wepụ nwere mmetụta choleretic, na ihe ndị na-arụ ọrụ ya bụ α-crocetin sodium nnu na crocetin ester. α-Saffron acid nwere ike belata cholesterol ma mee ka abụba metabolism dịkwuo elu. Enwere ike iji ya na ọgwụ ọdịnala ndị China dị ka hawthorn, cassia, na Alisma na-agwọ imeju nwere abụba.

5). Mmetụta Antioxidant Saffron wepụ, karịsịa crocin, nwere ike igbochi ọrụ nke radicals free oxygen na xanthine oxidase, na-egosi ọrụ ndụ antioxidant.

6). Chebe akụrụ. Site n'ịmụ ụdị nephritis nke oke C-BSA, a chọpụtara na proteinuria na mmebi akụrụ na-ebelata na oke na otu nnwale. N'ime ha, saffron na-egbochi cyclooxygenase ma na-ebelata njikọ nke prostaglandins, si otú a na-egbochi capillaries renal, ịba ụba ọbara, na ịkwalite mmezi nke mmebi mkpali. A na-atụ aro na saffron nwere ike igbochi ọnọdụ mbufụt gbasara akụrụ site na imezi mwepụta nke platelet na ndị mgbasa ozi mkpali.

7). Ntinye aka na arrhythmia Crocemic acid, ihe na-arụ ọrụ na saffron wepụ, nwere mmetụta dị mma na ụdị ventricular arrhythmia nke aconitine, ouabain na calcium chloride kpatara, na-enye nnwale maka iji saffron na ọgwụgwọ arrhythmia. Nke a na-enye ndabere ohere maka mmepe na nyocha nke saffron dị ka nkwadebe ọgwụ ọdịnala ndị China megide arrhythmia na ischemia myocardial, na-atụ aro na enwere ike ịkpọ saffron ụdị ọgwụgwọ ọdịnala ọdịnala na-egbochi ahụike ahụike maka igbochi ọrịa obi na ọrịa cerebrovascular.

8). Hazie ọrụ mgbochi ọrịa. Saffron wepụ nwere mmetụta doro anya nke ịkwalite mgbasa ọbara na iwepu stasis ọbara, antibacterial na mgbochi mkpali, wee na-eme ka ntachi obi nke anụ ahụ dịkwuo elu ma na-abawanye ọdịnaya nke mkpụrụ ndụ na-alụso ọrịa ọgụ, si otú ahụ na-emeziwanye ihe nchebe nke ahụ, na-achịkwa qi na mmegharị ọbara, na ịhazigharị ahụ. ahụ mmadụ. Ọrụ yin na yang.

9). Mgbochi na ọgwụgwọ atherosclerosis. Saffron wepụ nwere ezigbo arụmọrụ n'ịchịkwa ọbara lipids, na-ebelata ọbara mgbali ma si otú a gbochie na ịgwọ atherosclerosis.

10). Nchedo anya: A na-eji oke bekee ọcha New Zealand mepụta ụdị anụmanụ nke nrụgide intraocular dị elu. A na-agbanye ọgwụ ụfọdụ nke saffron si na ntị ntị otu ugboro n'ụbọchị, ma guzobe otu njikwa nrụgide dị elu. Nsonaazụ gosiri na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke mkpụrụ ndụ ganglion retina na otu ọgwụgwọ ahụ dị ukwuu karịa nke ahụ na-ahụ maka njikwa nrụgide dị elu (P<0.05), na-egosi na saffron wepụ na-eme ka mgbasa ọbara nke retina dịkwuo mma ma gbochie mmetụta nke ischemia na hypoxia na retina. Mkpụrụ ndụ ganglion n'okpuru ọnọdụ nrụgide intraocular dị elu na-adịghị ala ala (RGC) mebiri ma chebe RGC. A na-atụ aro na wepụ saffron nwere ike ichekwa RGCs site na ibelata radicals efu na retina na igbochi mmebi nke radical n'efu na nhazi akpụkpọ ahụ, akụkụ nke subcellular na nuclei nke RGC. 11. Mmetụta ndị ọzọ Saffron ethanol wepụ (CSE) nwere ike igbochi nkwụsị nke ethanol na-ebute ike ogologo oge (LPT) na hippocampus. Na serrated gyrus nke ụmụ oke anesthetized, CSE (250 mg·kg-1) nwekwara ike igbochi LPT mgbochi nke acetaldehyde kpatara na-enweghị emetụta ọrụ mmụta ụmụ oke. Mwepụta mmiri nke saffron nwere ike igbochi nsi ịmụ nwa nke ọgwụ mgbochi ọrịa cancer na-emepụta dị ka cisplatin, cyclophosphamide, mitomycin C na urethan, ebe na-egbochi nha mmetụta ahụ emetụtaghị dose ahụ. Nke a bụ n'ihi na saffron wepụ nke ukwuu na-ebelata mmetụta nke nsị ịmụ nwa na imeju glutathione S-transferase (GST). Ọdịdị, ekpomeekpo na nrụpụta ọrụ: ụtọ, na-anọpụ iche na-adịghị egbu egbu. Na-abanye n'ime obi na imeju meridians. Na-akwalite mgbasa ọbara ma na-ewepụ stasis ọbara, na-agbasa ịda mbà n'obi na oghere oghere. Enwere ike iji ya na-agwọ ịda mbà n'obi, obi na ọgbụgbọ na diaphragm, ịgba agbọ ọbara, ọkụ ọkụ typhoid, egwu na anya, amenorrhea na ụmụ nwanyị, ọbara ọgbụgba mgbe ọmụmụ na mgbu afọ, na ọzịza na mgbu sitere na ọdịda.

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